S03¶


Research	R0051 — Fact-Checking Gap
Run	2026-03-31
Query	Q003
Search	S03

WebSearch — Evidence evaluation and evidence quality in fact-checking

Summary¶

Field	Value
Source/Database	WebSearch
Query terms	"fact-checking" "evidence quality" OR "evidence hierarchy" OR "levels of evidence" framework methodology
Filters	None
Results returned	10
Results selected	3
Results rejected	7

Selected Results¶

Result	Title	URL	Rationale
S03-R01	Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims	https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3986/paper2.pdf	Addresses evidence quality in computational fact-checking
S03-R02	Challenges of Automating Fact-Checking (Kavtaradze 2024)	https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/27523543241280195	Documents gap between automated tools and practitioner needs
S03-R03	Credible, Unreliable or Leaked? Evidence verification	https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643491.3660278	Addresses evidence quality verification gap in automated systems

Rejected Results¶

Result	Title	URL	Rationale
S03-R04	Understanding Levels of Evidence in Medical Research	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12064251/	Medical evidence hierarchy — different domain
S03-R05	NHMRC Evidence Hierarchy	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK121300/table/appb.t21/	Medical evidence levels — comparison reference only
S03-R06	Hierarchy of evidence (PMC)	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2981887/	Medical domain
S03-R07	Hierarchy of Evidence Guide	https://help.consensus.app/en/articles/10262689-the-hierarchy-of-evidence-a-guide-to-understanding-research-quality	General guide, not fact-checking specific
S03-R08	Levels of Evidence, Quality Assessment (Frontiers)	https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.960957/full	Veterinary science evidence evaluation — wrong domain
S03-R09	Levels of evidence (PMC)	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3124652/	Medical domain
S03-R10	Levels of evidence in research (Elsevier)	https://scientific-publishing.webshop.elsevier.com/research-process/levels-of-evidence-in-research/	Publishing guide, not fact-checking

Notes¶

Highly diagnostic search: pairing "evidence quality/hierarchy/levels" with "fact-checking" returned almost entirely medical/scientific domain results, with only 3 results addressing fact-checking. This absence itself is evidence — the concepts of evidence quality hierarchies have not penetrated the fact-checking literature.