R0050/2026-03-31/Q003/SRC01

Research	R0050 — Journalism and Other Truth-Seeking Disciplines
Run	2026-03-31
Query	Q003
Search	S01
Result	S01-R02
Source	SRC01

Wardle & Derakhshan (2017) — Information Disorder: Original Report

Source

Field	Value
Title	Information Disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making
Publisher	Council of Europe
Author(s)	Claire Wardle, Hossein Derakhshan
Date	2017
URL	https://edoc.coe.int/en/media/7495-information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-for-research-and-policy-making.html
Type	Policy report

Summary

Dimension	Rating
Reliability	High
Relevance	High
Bias: Missing data	Low risk
Bias: Measurement	N/A
Bias: Selective reporting	Low risk
Bias: Randomization	N/A
Bias: Protocol deviation	N/A
Bias: COI/Funding	Low risk

Rationale

Dimension	Rationale
Reliability	Original publication by the framework's authors, published by the Council of Europe
Relevance	Primary source for understanding the authors' intended purpose and scope
Bias flags	None significant

Evidence Extracts

Evidence ID	Summary
SRC01-E01	The 2017 report frames the taxonomy as a conceptual framework for thinking, not a procedural tool