R0050/2026-03-31-02/Q003/SRC04

Research	R0050 — Journalism Disciplines
Run	2026-03-31-02
Query	Q003
Search	S03
Result	S03-R01
Source	SRC04

Verification Handbook v3 — presentation of taxonomy as conceptual framework

Source

Field	Value
Title	The Age of Information Disorder (Verification Handbook chapter)
Publisher	DataJournalism.com / European Journalism Centre
Author(s)	Claire Wardle
Date	Current (3rd edition)
URL	https://datajournalism.com/read/handbook/verification-3/investigating-disinformation-and-media-manipulation/the-age-of-information-disorder
Type	Practitioner handbook chapter

Summary

Dimension	Rating
Reliability	High
Relevance	High
Bias: Missing data	Low risk
Bias: Measurement	N/A
Bias: Selective reporting	Low risk
Bias: Randomization	N/A — not an RCT
Bias: Protocol deviation	N/A — not an RCT
Bias: COI/Funding	Some concerns

Rationale

Dimension	Rationale
Reliability	Authoritative handbook chapter written by Wardle herself
Relevance	Directly shows how the taxonomy creator presents it in a practitioner context
Bias flags	COI: authored by the taxonomy creator; likely to present most positive framing

Evidence Extracts

Evidence ID	Summary
SRC04-E01	Taxonomy presented as descriptive categories with examples, not decision procedures